What Is a NIE Number?
The NIE (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) is your foreign identification number in Spain. You need it for almost every official transaction: buying property, opening a bank account, signing utility contracts and paying taxes. Without a NIE, you cannot purchase real estate in Spain.
Where to Apply
You have two options:
- In Spain: Apply at the nearest National Police station (Comisaría de Policía) or Foreigners Office (Oficina de Extranjería). You must book a cita previa (appointment) online at sede.administracionespublica.gob.es.
- From abroad: Apply at the Spanish consulate in your home country. Processing times are longer, typically 4 to 8 weeks.
Required Documents
Bring the following to your appointment:
- Completed EX-15 form (two copies)
- Valid passport plus a photocopy
- Proof of reason for applying (e.g. preliminary purchase contract, employment contract)
- Modelo 790 código 012 tax form, paid at a Spanish bank (currently €12)
- One passport-sized photo (consulate applications only)
Costs
The official government fee is €12, paid via the Modelo 790 form. If you hire a gestor (administrative agent) to handle the process, expect to pay €80 to €150 on top. A gestor can save you considerable time by managing the appointment booking and paperwork.
Timeline
In popular coastal areas like the Costa del Sol, appointment availability can be scarce. Expect to wait 2 to 6 weeks for an appointment slot. The actual appointment takes about 15 minutes. Your NIE certificate is usually issued on the spot or within 24 hours.
Tips to Speed Up the Process
- Check the appointment website early in the morning when new slots are released.
- Try smaller police stations in nearby towns, they often have shorter waiting lists.
- Have a gestor book the appointment for you. They know the system and can often secure earlier dates.
Common Mistakes
The most frequent errors that cause delays:
- Forgetting to pay the Modelo 790 before the appointment. You must pay at a bank first.
- Bringing only one copy of the EX-15 form instead of two.
- Not having a clear reason documented for the application.
- Expired passport. Your passport must be valid on the day of the appointment.
After You Get Your NIE
Your NIE number is permanent, but the certificate itself may expire. For property purchases, you will need a valid (non-expired) certificate. Keep digital and physical copies in a safe place. Your NIE will appear on your Spanish property deeds, tax returns and bank accounts.
Once you have your NIE, you can proceed with opening a Spanish bank account and starting the property purchase process. Use our free calculator to estimate your total costs so you know exactly what budget to prepare.